1、 https:/crsreports.congress.gov Updated April 4, 2022DOEs Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) and Carbon Removal ProgramsFederally funded research and development (R&D) on carbon capture and storage (CCS) and carbon removal is supported primarily by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE). This analysis su
2、mmarizes recent authorizations and appropriations for these activities, covering FY2021 and FY2022. Background CCS is a process that is envisioned to capture man-made carbon dioxide (CO2) at its source and store it underground to prevent its release to the atmosphere. Captured carbon also can be use
3、d in products, as opposed to being stored underground, in a process called carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS). Carbon dioxide removal (CDR, sometimes called carbon removal or negative emissions technologies) is a suite of technologies and practices that aim to remove CO2 from the atmosp
4、here and store it underground or in living organisms. CDR often involves natural CO2 sinks like forests and croplands, but also can involve technologies like direct air capture (DAC). Further discussion of some of these technologies and historical appropriations for related DOE R&D activities is pro
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