[20150504]IN10271_特斯拉的家用电池——电力存储的突破？.pdf

1、CRS.govSignIn|SignUpCRS InsightsTeslas Home BatteryAnElectricity Storage Breakthrough?RichardJ.Campbell,SpecialistinEnergyPolicy(rcampbellcrs.loc.gov,77905)PaulW.Parfomak,SpecialistinEnergyandInfrastructurePolicy(pparfomakcrs.loc.gov,70030)May4,2015(IN10271)Costeffectiveelectricitystoragehaslongbeen

2、akindofHolyGrailfortheelectricpowersector.Suchstoragetechnologycouldhavemultiplebenefitsforelectricityconsumers.Itcanserveasatemporarysourceofbackuppowertomaintainonsiteelectricserviceintheeventofautilitypowerblackout.Itcanbeusedtoimprovetheavailabilityof(firmup)electricitygeneratedfromintermittentr

3、enewablesourcessuchassolarandwind.Itcanalsobeusedtoshiftenduserelectricityloadsfromcostlypeakhourstolowercostoffpeakhours,whichcanlevelregionalgenerationprofilesandlowercustomerelectricbills.Inpursuitofthesebenefits,manyelectricitystoragesolutionshavebeendeveloped,andsomehavebecomecommerciallyavaila

4、bleprimarilyatutilityscalebuthighcostsandperformanceissues(alongwithkeyregulatorybarriers)havelimitedtheirdeployment.(SeeCRSReportR42455,EnergyStorageforPowerGridsandElectricTransportation:ATechnologyAssessment.)Forexample,banksofleadacidbatterieshavebeenusedtofirmupgenerationfromsomerenewablepoweri