1、CHINAS GRAY-ZONE INFRASTRUCTURE STRATEGY ON THE TIBETAN PLATEAU|1JUNE 2025Chinas Gray-Zone Infrastructure Strategy on the Tibetan PlateauRoads,Dams,and Digital DominationBy Thomas Hader,Benjamin Jensen,Divya Ramjee,and Jose M.Macias IIIIn the future.Chinas use of critical infrastructure to control d
2、ownstream water supply will threaten vital economic activities and life.Chinas Peoples Liberation Army(PLA)will leverage rail and road networks to strengthen its positions near the Line of Actual Control(LAC)with India.Chinas military-civilian dual-use infrastructure will continue to encroach on dis
3、puted lands while posturing the countrys forces to project coercive power and gain an advantage in the next border clash.Regional states will no longer harbor Tibetan refugee camps,while also adopting increasingly authoritarian practices made possible by surveillance systems exported by China.Introd
4、uctionThe Peoples Republic of China(PRC)is actively using diplomatic,intelligence,military,and economic tools to influence,deter,and compel countries to act in the PRCs interest.These tools are derived from a combination of the hybrid strategy and gray-zone tactics that have defined Xi Jinpings Chin
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