1、JULY 2025Forging ForwardSouth Koreas Proactive Cyber Defense and Strategic Cooperation with the United StatesBy Joohui Park and Donghee KimIntroductionWhen countries design their cyber defense strategies,they do so on the premise that they can defend against malicious cyber operations only after the
2、 impacts of such acts materialize.Instead of taking this reactive posture,however,the United States spearheaded a paradigm shift to a proactive posture in 2018,when the Department of Defense(DOD)developed the“Defend Forward”strategy.This posture has since been maintained in the United States,and was
3、 reaffirmed in the introduction of the 2023 Department of Defense Cyber Strategy.Variations on this approach have been adopted by some countries,including the Republic of Korea(ROK).South Korea introduced a proactive approach to cyber defense in its 2024 National Cybersecurity Strategy,some aspects
4、of which mirror the DODs Defend Forward.Proactive cyber defense is just one option available to countries responding to cyber threats.In general,response options are various and can be structured with a range of typologies.For instance,options can diverge into defensive and offensive responses;defen
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